AI lab tier list

I asked people which tier they'd put each lab in:

Frontier

AnthropicconsensusOpenAIconsensus

n-1

1 generation behind
Google DeepMindconsensusxAIconsensusMeta (Muse Spark)over half say n-1Moonshot (Kimi)over half say n-1, some n-2Zhipu (GLM)over half say n-1, some n-2DeepSeekover half say n-1, some n-2Thinking Machines (Inkling)leans n-1, some put n-2

n-2

2 generations behind
Alibaba (Qwen)leans n-2, some put n-1ByteDance (Seed)over half say n-2Xiaomi (MiMo)leans n-2, some put n-1MiniMaxover half say n-2, some n-1Tencent (Hy)over half say n-2NVIDIA (Nemotron)leans n-2, some put n-3+

n-3+

3+ generations behind
Microsoft (MAI)over half say n-3+, some n-2Cohereover half say n-3+, some n-2Mistralover half say n-3+Amazon (Nova)consensusAppleconsensus

Consensus = 75%+, over half = 51%-74%, leans = the most common pick but under half, some = 20%+.

Where would you put each lab? →

I asked 70 people. Engineers/researchers/founders at AI data cos, people at labs (I didn't count votes for their own lab), and founders/engineers at other startups. I didn't vote.